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What are the laws of illumination ?

What are the laws of illumination ?

i) Illumination is directly proportional to the luminous intensity of the source.
ii) Inverse square law – The illumination of a surface receiving its flux from a point source is inversely proportional to the square of the distance between the surface and the source.
iii) Lambert’s cosine law – The illumination of a surface at any point is proportional to the cosine of the angle between the normal at the point and the direction of the luminous flux.

W hat are the characteristics of good illumination ?
  1. The light should not strike directly the eyes.
  2. The type and size of the lamp should be correct.
  3. Proper location should be made.
  4. Reflecting equipment should be suitable for purpose.
  5. Hard and long shadows should be avoided.

What are the factors which affect the correct illumination ?

(a) Nature of the work, (b) Architectual design, (c) Surroundings, (d) nature of light and (e) Maintenance.

What are the factors to be considered in the design of a lighting scheme ?

The factors are as follows:
i) Illumination level,
ii) Glare,
iii) Shadow,
iv) Space height ratio,
v) Mounting height of the lamp,
vi) Area to be illuminated,
vii) Colour of surrounding walls,
viii) Movement of the object,
ix) Utilization factor and
x) Depreciation factor.

What are the advantages of correct illumination ?

(a) Production factor increases, (b) Accident decreases, (c) Wastage of products decreases.

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